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High exposure to solar and other types of radiation can cause cancer.

• Solar radiation can be beneficial as a source of vitamin D, but excessive exposure can pose a threat to health. Moreover, many people increase their exposure through artificial sources in solariums. In particular, ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes premature ageing of the skin and may lead to the development of malignant melanoma. Worldwide, the incidence of melanoma has been increasing, also in younger age groups. Children are those most at risk from excess exposure to UV radiation, due to still developing skin protection mechanisms and longer remaining life time available for developing a skin tumour. Raising awareness and encouraging skin protection are the most effective preventive strategies.
• Radon is a radioactive gas releasing ionizing radiation which can cause lung cancer. Soil or building materials containing radon are the most important environmental sources of exposure to ionizing radiation.

For the definition and other details about each indicator, please read the metadata section within the assessment and the information on indicator methodology.